Juridiction internationalement compétente en matière immobilière

L’article 24 du règlement n° 1215/2012 confère une compétence exclusive aux juridictions de l’Etat membre du lieu de situation de l’immeuble en matière de droits réels immobiliers et de baux d’immeuble. Mais il est parfois difficile de distinguer ce qui en relève des autres droits. En témoigne cet arrêt de la Cour de Justice du 11 novembre 2020 (CJUE, 11 nov.2020, C‑433/19,Ellmes Property Services Limited contre SP).

Dans cette affaire, une société britannique et une personne physique (SP) étaient copropriétaires d’un immeuble d’appartements situés à Zell am See en Autriche. L’un des appartements, affecté à l’habitation, était la propriété de la société qui le louait à des vacanciers. SP a agi devant une juridiction autrichienne aux fins de demander la cessation de cet usage touristique aux motifs que cela aurait été contraire à l’affectation de l’immeuble et arbitraire, à défaut de l’accord des autres copropriétaires, ce qui aurait porté atteinte à son droit de copropriété. La société a alors soulevé une exception d’incompétence visant à la fois la compétence territoriale et la compétence internationale. Victorieuse en première instance, perdante en appel, la société a formé un pourvoi en cassation devant la Cour suprême d’Autriche qui a décidé de saisir à titre préjudiciel la Cour de justice pour lui poser ces questions :

« 1)      L’article 24, point 1, premier alinéa, première alternative, du règlement [n° 1215/2012] doit-il être interprété en ce sens que les actions d’un copropriétaire tendant à interdire à un autre copropriétaire de modifier, arbitrairement et sans l’accord des autres copropriétaires, son bien en copropriété, notamment l’affectation de celui‑ci, ont pour objet de faire valoir un droit réel ?

 2)      Dans l’hypothèse où il serait répondu par la négative à cette question : L’article 7, point 1, sous a), du règlement [n° 1215/2012] doit-il être interprété en ce sens que les actions évoquées [dans la première question] ont pour objet des obligations contractuelles qui doivent être exécutées au lieu où se situe la chose ? »

La Cour de justice y a répondu en deux temps.

Elle a considéré tout d’abord que : «  L’article 24, point 1, du règlement (UE) n° 1215/2012 du Parlement européen et du Conseil, du 12 décembre 2012, concernant la compétence judiciaire, la reconnaissance et l’exécution des décisions en matière civile et commerciale, doit être interprété en ce sens qu’une action par laquelle un copropriétaire d’un immeuble tend à faire interdire à un autre copropriétaire de cet immeuble de modifier, arbitrairement et sans l’accord des autres copropriétaires, l’affectation de son bien en copropriété, telle que prévue par un contrat de copropriété, doit être regardée comme constituant une action « en matière de droits réels immobiliers », au sens de cette disposition, à la condition que cette affectation soit opposable non seulement aux copropriétaires dudit immeuble, mais également à tous, ce qu’il incombe à la juridiction de renvoi de vérifier. »

Ensuite elle a jugé que : «  L’article 7, point 1, sous a), du règlement n° 1215/2012 doit être interprété en ce sens que, dans l’hypothèse où l’affectation d’un bien immeuble en copropriété prévue par un contrat de copropriété n’est pas opposable à tous, une action par laquelle un copropriétaire d’un immeuble tend à faire interdire à un autre copropriétaire de cet immeuble de modifier, arbitrairement et sans l’accord des autres copropriétaires, cette affectation doit être regardée comme constituant une action « en matière contractuelle », au sens de cette disposition. Sous réserve de vérification par la juridiction de renvoi, le lieu d’exécution de l’obligation servant de base à cette action est celui où ledit bien est situé. »

45 Commentaires sur “Juridiction internationalement compétente en matière immobilière

  1. nike dunks says:

    A formidable share, I simply given this onto a colleague who was doing a little analysis on this. And he the truth is purchased me breakfast because I found it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to debate this, I feel strongly about it and love studying extra on this topic. If attainable, as you become experience, would you thoughts updating your blog with more particulars? It’s extremely helpful for me. Huge thumb up for this weblog post!

  2. off white says:

    After I originally commented I clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now each time a remark is added I get 4 emails with the same comment. Is there any way you may take away me from that service? Thanks!

  3. ggdb says:

    I simply needed to say thanks once again. I do not know what I might have gone through in the absence of the actual advice provided by you on such a subject. Certainly was a real frightful situation for me personally, but encountering this well-written mode you dealt with that made me to jump over delight. Now i’m thankful for your information and even have high hopes you recognize what a powerful job you happen to be getting into teaching most people thru a site. Probably you haven’t met any of us.

  4. supreme says:

    This is the proper weblog for anyone who wants to seek out out about this topic. You realize so much its nearly exhausting to argue with you (not that I truly would want匟aHa). You definitely put a brand new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Nice stuff, just nice!

  5. birkin bag says:

    After I originally commented I clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now each time a remark is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there any way you possibly can take away me from that service? Thanks!

  6. off white says:

    There are definitely a whole lot of details like that to take into consideration. That may be a great point to deliver up. I provide the thoughts above as basic inspiration however clearly there are questions like the one you carry up the place a very powerful factor will be working in sincere good faith. I don?t know if greatest practices have emerged around issues like that, but I’m certain that your job is clearly identified as a good game. Each boys and girls really feel the impression of just a second抯 pleasure, for the rest of their lives.

  7. jordan 4 says:

    There are some attention-grabbing points in time in this article but I don抰 know if I see all of them heart to heart. There’s some validity however I will take maintain opinion till I look into it further. Good article , thanks and we wish more! Added to FeedBurner as nicely

  8. bape says:

    The next time I learn a weblog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as a lot as this one. I mean, I do know it was my option to read, but I truly thought youd have one thing interesting to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you can repair when you werent too busy in search of attention.

  9. Jordan Travis Scott says:

    There are some fascinating closing dates on this article but I don抰 know if I see all of them middle to heart. There’s some validity however I will take hold opinion till I look into it further. Good article , thanks and we wish extra! Added to FeedBurner as nicely

  10. hermes handbags says:

    Nice post. I be taught something tougher on different blogs everyday. It can at all times be stimulating to read content material from other writers and practice a little bit something from their store. I抎 favor to make use of some with the content material on my blog whether you don抰 mind. Natually I抣l provide you with a link on your web blog. Thanks for sharing.

  11. supreme clothing says:

    An interesting dialogue is price comment. I think that you should write extra on this subject, it won’t be a taboo subject but typically individuals are not sufficient to talk on such topics. To the next. Cheers

  12. ball star golden goose says:

    My wife and i got now ecstatic when Edward managed to conclude his inquiry out of the ideas he grabbed through your web pages. It is now and again perplexing to just find yourself giving away key points that many some other people could have been making money from. And we do know we’ve got the writer to appreciate because of that. The specific illustrations you’ve made, the straightforward website menu, the relationships you will give support to create – it is everything sensational, and it’s assisting our son in addition to our family reckon that this issue is amusing, and that is rather fundamental. Thanks for the whole thing!

  13. supreme shirt says:

    I抎 need to test with you here. Which isn’t something I often do! I get pleasure from reading a submit that may make individuals think. Additionally, thanks for permitting me to remark!

  14. golden goose pink says:

    I wanted to send you the very little word to thank you so much again for your striking strategies you have shown in this article. It is certainly remarkably generous of you to allow unhampered just what most of us would’ve supplied for an e book to make some dough for themselves, even more so considering that you might have done it if you ever wanted. Those secrets as well served like the great way to fully grasp some people have a similar fervor like my very own to learn many more on the topic of this problem. I think there are some more fun times up front for individuals who scan your site.

  15. bape says:

    Spot on with this write-up, I actually suppose this website wants rather more consideration. I抣l most likely be again to read way more, thanks for that info.

  16. hermes belt says:

    Nice post. I learn something tougher on different blogs everyday. It should always be stimulating to read content material from other writers and apply a little bit something from their store. I抎 desire to make use of some with the content on my blog whether or not you don抰 mind. Natually I抣l offer you a link on your net blog. Thanks for sharing.

  17. jordan shoes says:

    Oh my goodness! a tremendous article dude. Thanks Nevertheless I am experiencing challenge with ur rss . Don抰 know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody getting similar rss downside? Anyone who knows kindly respond. Thnkx

  18. off white says:

    That is the suitable weblog for anybody who wants to search out out about this topic. You understand so much its almost onerous to argue with you (not that I really would need匟aHa). You definitely put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, simply nice!

  19. bape says:

    Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Thank you However I’m experiencing problem with ur rss . Don抰 know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody getting similar rss problem? Anybody who knows kindly respond. Thnkx

  20. yeezy outlet says:

    That is the precise blog for anybody who wants to search out out about this topic. You realize a lot its virtually exhausting to argue with you (not that I really would need匟aHa). You definitely put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Nice stuff, simply nice!

  21. kyrie 9 says:

    After examine a few of the blog posts on your website now, and I truly like your means of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website listing and shall be checking again soon. Pls take a look at my website online as effectively and let me know what you think.

  22. golden goose says:

    I precisely had to appreciate you yet again. I do not know the things I would have implemented in the absence of the type of tricks discussed by you over this topic. It was a real daunting matter for me, nevertheless considering a new skilled manner you processed it forced me to cry over happiness. I will be happier for your support and believe you find out what an amazing job that you’re accomplishing teaching others through your web site. I am sure you’ve never encountered all of us.

  23. michael jordan shoes says:

    I was very happy to search out this net-site.I wished to thanks on your time for this excellent learn!! I undoubtedly having fun with each little little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to take a look at new stuff you blog post.

  24. B. gettingit in deep! says:

    First off I waht too ssay fantastic blog! I had a quick question iin which I’d like tto askk if youu
    don’t mind. I waas cuurious to know hhow you cednter yoursdlf aand clear
    your minbd befpre writing. I’ve had a tohgh tjme cleaqring mmy thlughts
    iin gegting mmy thoughts out. I do tae ppleasure in writing but it jus seems ike thhe
    first 10 tto 15 minutfes arre wasted simmply just tryhing to figre
    outt howw tto begin. Any suggestions or tips? Cheers!

  25. kyrie 8 shoes says:

    I was more than happy to seek out this web-site.I needed to thanks for your time for this wonderful learn!! I definitely having fun with every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you blog post.

  26. golden goose sneakers says:

    Can I just say what a reduction to find somebody who actually knows what theyre talking about on the internet. You definitely know how you can carry a problem to mild and make it important. More folks need to learn this and perceive this facet of the story. I cant believe youre not more in style since you undoubtedly have the gift.

  27. fear of god says:

    I am typically to running a blog and i actually respect your content. The article has really peaks my interest. I am going to bookmark your site and hold checking for brand new information.

  28. supreme new york says:

    I found your weblog site on google and examine a couple of of your early posts. Continue to keep up the superb operate. I just extra up your RSS feed to my MSN News Reader. Searching for ahead to studying extra from you afterward!?

Laisser un commentaire

Votre adresse e-mail ne sera pas publiée. Les champs obligatoires sont indiqués avec *